Tensile force, Compressive force, Shear force

Tensile force

Tension is a force that tends to stretch a material, as shown in Figure.

For example,

 -the rope or cable of a crane carrying a load is in tension

 

 -rubber bands, when stretched, are in tension

-when a nut is tightened, a bolt is under tension

A tensile force, i.e. one producing tension, increases the length of the material on which it acts

Compressive force

Compression is a force that tends to squeeze or crush a material, as shown in Figure

Shear force

Shear is a force that tends to slide one face of the material over an adjacent face. 
For example

-a rivet holding two plates together is in shear, if tensile force is applied between the plates




Tensile force, Compressive force, Shear force